Mouse Models of Acute Lung Injury
نویسندگان
چکیده
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome or ARDS is a diffuse inflammatory lung process that frequently manifests in critically ill patients, with an estimated incidence of 190,000 cases and 74,500 deaths per year in the United States alone [1]. Clinical ARDS is associated with specific risk factors that can be broadly divided into intra-pulmonary conditions, including pneumonia, aspiration, and blunt trauma; and extra-pulmonary risk factors, including extra-pulmonary sepsis, trauma, significant blood product resuscitation, and pancreatitis [2]. Interestingly, ARDS frequently develops up to 72 h after hospital presentation and frequently in the setting of mechanical ventilation, suggesting that mechanical ventilation may play a role in the initiation of lung injury [3, 4]. Clinically, ARDS is manifested by bilateral or diffuse radiographic infiltrates, hypoxemia, decreased lung compliance, and increased ventilatory dead space [5, 6]. The histological manifestation of ARDS is diffuse alveolar damage as defined by epithelial injury, hyaline membrane formation and alveolar flooding with proteinaceous fluid, formation of microthrombi and frequently neutrophilic inflammation. The animal model correlate to ARDS is acute lung injury (ALI). Models are employed to test potential new therapeutic interventions and to investigate underlying mechanistic pathways that lead to diffuse lung injury. Animal models cannot completely recapitulate all of the complex components of ARDS development and
منابع مشابه
Retracted: Time course changes of oxidative stress and inflammation in hyperoxia-induced acute lung injury in rats
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